As a small business owner, it’s easy to get caught up in day-to-day operations and neglect things like revenue forecasting. That can cause problems though, especially as your overhead goes up and you need to scale at a certain rate to stay profitable.
Fortunately, once you’ve made a few forecasts and established your systems, regularly projecting your company’s revenue becomes a lot more achievable. Here’s what you need to know about the steps involved to get started.
Revenue forecasting refers to using historical data and educated assumptions about your business, industry, and the economy to estimate your company’s future gross sales.
In other words, it involves the combination of quantitative and qualitative information to create models of how much your company is likely to earn.
You can then use the models to plan by tweaking inputs that reflect decisions, outcomes, and external variables.
Revenue is a high-level metric, but it has significant implications, such as:
Because revenue impacts many aspects of your business, forecasting it is highly beneficial. Your projections can help you make more intelligent business decisions, win over prospective investors, and set appropriate long-term goals.
For example, say you’re debating whether or not it makes sense to have your sales manager expand the sales team in the coming months to keep up with an anticipated spike in demand.
With a sophisticated revenue forecasting model, you could project the impact hiring salespeople would have on your company’s earning power. Comparing it to the expense you’d incur to hire them would tell you whether they would be healthy for your cash flow.
You’ll need to do a lot of preparation before you can use any revenue forecasting methods. Let’s look at the most important steps to take.
Before you can start trying to predict the future, you need to have an accurate picture of your past. In financial management, that means building a reliable set of financial statements, including a balance sheet and an income statement.
Almost every sales forecasting method relies on historical company data to some degree. Without concrete numbers to rely on, you’re making guesses with little basis in reality.
If your company is too young to have sufficient data, it'll be harder to create an accurate forecast. You may be able to use numbers from similar companies and tweak them, but your projected revenue will be inherently less reliable.
Your company’s historical data tells an important story, but it’s ultimately an incomplete one. You'll also need some context to supplement your quantitative forecasting.
Take the time to document your business plans, the lessons you learn from mistakes, and the reasons behind your decisions. They can help you decipher your revenue numbers and factor any improvements you make into your future sales projections.
It’s also beneficial to perform regular variance analysis and investigate the differences between your expected and actual numbers. Once again, the things you learn can help refine your future forecasting.
For example, say it’s the end of 2025, and you want to forecast your revenue for 2026. Your business is seasonal, so you use forecasting methods that base each month’s revenue on numbers from the same month in the previous year.
When you estimate your March 2026 revenue, you see that you had a slight drop off in sales last March. Without any context, you might assume there’s some seasonal reason for this, which would skew your projections downward.
However, upon checking your notes, you see it was because your sales leader and best sales rep left the company that month. Since that isn’t a recurring revenue issue, you can adjust your forecast to reflect better March numbers than you saw last year.
Once you have the information you need to start forecasting your revenues, you have to decide whether you want to use a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet or financial forecasting software to do so.
Spreadsheets are the traditional choice and give you complete control over the forecasting process. They let you build your forecasts from the ground up, and you may develop greater insight into all of the factors affecting your sales.
However, building your revenue forecasts from scratch takes significant time and effort, and your models are much more susceptible to human error. If you transpose a number, you can throw off all your numbers and spend hours searching for the problem.
Meanwhile, software streamlines the forecasting process by linking directly to your company’s data. It may also help you manipulate the data more intuitively, but you always give up some degree of control.
With all your forecasting information and tools prepped, you have what you need to start the revenue forecasting process. However, you’ll have to choose between many different approaches, and each has its own strengths and weaknesses.
When selecting your favorites, consider which variables they depend on and your current revenue growth pattern. For example, some methods are better for seasonal businesses, while others make more sense for a company scaling at a steady rate.
Here are some popular, easy-to-understand revenue forecasting methods. As you review them, keep in mind that you may need more advanced analytics to get meaningful insights for your business in practice.
For example, you may have to use multiple forecasting methods in conjunction, project each revenue stream individually, or make modifications for external economic factors.
The straight-line method is the most straightforward way to forecast, though that’s not related to the name. Its simplicity can make it one of the less accurate approaches, but it also lets you estimate your revenues with little time and effort.
The straight-line method is best when:
To forecast future revenue using the straight-line method, just multiply the latest year’s revenues by your company’s historical growth rate.
For example, imagine that the 2022 calendar year is coming to an end, and you want to project your revenues over the next year. In 2021 and 2022, your gross revenues were $500,000 and $525,000, respectively. That equals a 5% growth rate year over year.
To get your 2023 numbers, you’d multiply $525,000 by 1.05, which equals $551,250. If you wanted to forecast further into the future, you’d continue to multiply each year’s annual revenue by 1.05.
The weighted moving average method of forecasting revenue is similar to the straight-line method, but it’s more granular. As a result, your forecast accuracy will often be better, especially over short time horizons.
It makes the most sense when:
To forecast revenues using the weighted moving average method, you take a weighted average of trailing data points to predict the next in the sequence. Typically, you’ll place greater weight on more recent data points.
For example, say you have the following gross revenue amounts over the previous four months:
To create a revenue projection for May, you decide to use the weighted moving average method. You give 50% weight to April, 25% to March, 15% to February, and 10% to January.
Your formula would look like the following:
($6,400 x 10%) + ($6,800 x 15%) + ($7,250 x 25%) + ($7,000 x 50%) = $6,972.50
To create a sales forecast for your June revenues using the weighted moving average method, you’d repeat the process by using the months of February through May.
Straight-line and weighted moving average methods involve the manipulation of revenue data alone. Linear regression takes a different approach, instead using the relationship between revenues and an independent variable to make predictions.
As a result, linear regression makes the most sense for your business when you have something you believe is a clear driver of revenues.
For example, say you’re unsure whether it’s worth paying for direct mail marketing. You decide to use linear regression to forecast your sales and get the answer.
You have the following data from the previous year:
Month | Number of Letters Sent | Revenue |
January | 64 | $5,982 |
February | 42 | $4,623 |
March | 77 | $6,347 |
April | 115 | $9,853 |
May | 58 | $4,567 |
June | 145 | $12,209 |
July | 44 | $5,444 |
August | 99 | $10,071 |
September | 86 | $8,058 |
October | 90 | $7,526 |
November | 74 | $6,251 |
December | 105 | $9,613 |
Total | 999 | $90,544 |
Average | 83.25 | $7,545 |
Using the average correlation between the two variables, you can estimate that mailing 83.25 letters to client leads generates an average revenue of $7,545. It costs you $500 to send 83.25 letters to client leads early in your sales pipeline.
Say you spend the next year using email marketing instead, then repeat the linear regression with the new data.
If you find that investing $500 in email marketing each month generates higher sales activity and more than $7,545 in revenue per month, you’d know it’s the better marketing tool.
The best method for revenue forecasting is the one that applies most to your business and situation. If one of the methods above seems relevant, just get started! You can always correct course later.
One downside to being a W-2 employee is that you don’t have access to many tax write-offs. However, if you’re a 1099 contractor, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) lets you deduct all ordinary and necessary business expenses on your tax return.
That language sounds a bit stiff, but it basically means that you can deduct the expenses someone in your line of business would reasonably need to pay. If you’re unsure what those might be, here are some great ideas to get you started.
As a small business owner, you’ll need to find a way to generate interest in your product or services. Unless you have a vast network of pre-existing clients or customers, that means you’ll probably have to advertise your company somehow.
Fortunately, you can deduct those expenses, even if they take a variety of different forms. For example, you might write off the cost of your ads on social media platforms, direct mail campaigns, and business website.
If you drive your car as part of your business, you might be able to deduct some of the expenses you incur for the vehicle. That typically includes things like gas, maintenance, registration fees, and auto insurance premiums.
That said, you can only deduct the portion of your auto expenses that corresponds with your business use. For example, if you have a car you use for business trips 25% of the time and personal trips 75% of the time, you can only deduct 25% of your car expenses.
Alternatively, you can use a standard mileage rate issued by the IRS to calculate your deduction, which involves multiplying your miles driven for business purposes by $0.56 in 2021 and $0.585 in 2022.
If you start with the standard method, you can switch to the actual expense method whenever you like. However, if you decide to use the actual expense method, you have to stand by that choice until you retire the car.
Note that driving to your primary place of work doesn’t count as business use of your car. However, if you typically work out of a home office and take a trip to a client site, that trip would count as business use.
As a 1099 contractor, it’s often a good idea to purchase business insurance, though the type can vary depending on your trade. Fortunately, your premiums are tax-deductible, as long as it makes sense that you would need the policy.
For example, you’ll probably need general liability insurance if you work in construction. It helps cover the costs of a lawsuit if you ever accidentally damage your client's property and is often required by state regulation.
As a 1099 contractor, you don’t benefit from employer-sponsored retirement plans, but that doesn’t mean you don’t have access to any retirement accounts. In fact, you have some great options that employees don’t.
For example, the Solo 401(k) is a fantastic retirement account for independent contractors with no employees. You can contribute the following amounts per year:
Contributing to retirement plans reduces your gross income for the current tax year directly. In addition, the dividends and capital gains you earn within the accounts are tax-deferred, which means you don’t pay tax on them until you withdraw your funds.
Because of the multiple tax advantages of retirement plans, contributing to them is one of the best deductions available to 1099 contractors. In any case, the funds will come back to you someday, and you can’t have too much money in retirement.
In 2021, the average health insurance premium for single coverage was $7,739, which works out to about $644 per month. That’s a massive expense, and if you’re a 1099 contractor, you have to pay for it all without the help of an employer.
Fortunately, you can typically deduct the cost of your health insurance premiums, along with whatever you pay for dental insurance. If you have a spouse or a dependent, you can write off their premiums too.
However, there is one significant caveat. To take a business deduction for health insurance premiums, you can’t be eligible for coverage through a spouse’s employer.
If you run your business out of an office in your personal residence, you may be able to write off some of your housing expenses. That typically includes your rent, mortgage interest, property taxes, utilities, and maintenance.
To be eligible for the deduction, your home office needs to meet two criteria:
If you pass both tests, you can write off the housing expenses that correspond with the business use of your home. For example, if your home office is 100 square feet and you live in a 1,000 square feet home, you can write off 10% of your actual costs.
Alternatively, if you’d prefer not to track all your home expenses, you can use the simplified method, which involves multiplying the square footage of your home office by $5.
It’s generally best to calculate your deduction using both options to determine which will save you the most money.
As a small business owner, you’ll likely take out a credit account at some point. Fortunately, you can write off the interest that accrues on all of your business debts, whether they’re installment or revolving accounts.
For example, say you’re a freelance photographer and use a credit card to pay for your day-to-day business expenses. If you ever carry a balance over from one month to the next, you can write off whatever interest you accrue as a result.
That's another reason why it’s best to keep your personal and business transactions on separate accounts. If you use the same credit account to pay for both, it can be hard to determine what portion of your interest is tax-deductible.
It might not seem like a meal could be an ordinary or necessary business expense, but it can be in certain situations. However, the rules for deducting them are pretty specific, and the IRS pays close attention since people may be tempted to cheat here.
Generally speaking, a meal must involve the discussion of business matters with a business contact to qualify for the deduction. For example, that might include:
If a meal is deductible, you have two options for calculating the size of the write-off. You can deduct 50% of the actual cost of the meal, as long as it’s not an extravagant amount, or you can use a flat allowance set by the General Services Administration.
Notably, in the 2021 and 2022 tax years, the IRS has temporarily lifted the 50% limit for meals that come from restaurants to help the industry recover from the effects of COVID-19.
As a self-employed worker, you can take a tax deduction for whatever percentage of your phone and internet usage is for business purposes.
If you rent an office space with its own internet connection and pay for a second phone line just for your business communications, you can deduct the entire cost of both services.
However, if you have a home office or use your personal cell phone number for work, you can only deduct the business portion of the related expenses. Unfortunately, it can be particularly difficult to calculate that split for your phone and internet costs.
The qualified business income (QBI) deduction can significantly reduce your tax bill as a 1099 contractor. In simple terms, it lets you write off 20% of your business earnings, though that doesn’t include things like capital gains or interest on company investments.
To be eligible for the write-off, you must have pass-through income, which primarily excludes C-Corporations. In addition, there’s a maximum income restriction, and if you exceed it, the size of your deduction depends on the type of business you run.
As you can probably tell from that description, calculating the QBI deduction can be pretty laborious. There are a lot of nuanced rules to navigate, and it’s not a good idea to try and tackle them without the help of a tax expert.
For more details, you can read the IRS publication Instructions for IRS Form 8995.
The self-employment tax deduction is one of the best ways to reduce independent contractor taxes because your eligibility doesn’t have anything to do with your line of work. As long as you’re self-employed, you can probably claim it to some degree.
The self-employment tax is a 15.3% tax comprised of two parts: a 12.4% Social Security tax and a 2.9% Medicare tax. It applies to 92.35% of your net earnings. Employees get to share that cost with their employers, with each party paying 7.65%.
However, self-employed taxpayers don’t have that luxury. The self-employment tax deduction lets you write off the employer portion for income tax purposes, easing the additional tax burden.
For example, say you report $50,000 of net earnings as a sole proprietor. You’d have to pay $7,065 in self-employment taxes. However, you could reduce your taxable income for state and federal income tax purposes by half that, which is $3,825.
Did you know that your personal credit score is also a factor of your business credit score calculation? That means improving the former could help improve the latter, too.
Less-than-perfect personal credit doesn’t have to be a scarlet letter you wear on your chest for the rest of your life. Personal credit scores can be repaired. You can start with the 5 strategies below.
According to the Fair Credit Reporting Act, your credit agency is required to show you your credit report at least once a year at no charge. Take full advantage of that right.
You may have credit dings you don’t know about or that don’t belong on your credit report. You have the right to challenge them and request they be removed. How do you do this? Start by going through your credit report each year -- and be thorough. Even a few inconsistencies can add up quickly and could be the difference between a red flag and a green light for funding.
How much can you put on your credit card? If you're trying to improve your credit, experts advise keeping that balance at 10%. So if your card limit is $5,000, a balance of $500 or less would maximize your credit score.
Credit cards account for 30% of your personal credit score. Without an active credit card, you’re missing a gigantic portion of your score.
At 0−7% balance to limit ratio, the credit agencies will see a lack of recent revolving credit. This could make them think you don’t have experience with credit cards. To them, it would be like hiring someone with no employment history for a job.
Anything above 10% will chip away at that 30% of the overall credit score affected by credit cards:
Of note, credit card records update monthly, so you can swing your credit score substantially by paying maxed out credit cards down to 10% utilization in a month.
If you're thinking about applying for a new card and maintaining a low balance, proceed with caution: you won't want to apply for a lot of new credit at the same time. The reason for this has to do with “credit inquiries” or "credit checks" (also called a "credit pull"), which is the term used when a lender, broker, partner, or vendor checks your credit score.
A “hard inquiry” is what you want to avoid when trying to rebuild credit because each one negatively impacts your credit score. The less credit you apply for, the fewer hard inquiries your credit score will show.
BTW, if you have store credit cards, consider the following: using a store credit card at least once every 6 months allows it stays active. If the issuer deactivates the card, a credit check may be needed to reactivate it, which could constitute a hard inquiry, too, although the impact to your credit score may not be as great. Also, hard inquiries drop off your credit report after two years.
If you have an unused credit account like a personal line of credit, you may use that to boost your credit score, too.
Your credit history is an average of all your open and active credit accounts. A good credit history with credit—any credit—can positively impact your score. If you have a line of credit that you've not used, consider paying expected expenses with it and then paying back the line of credit with the money you already put aside in your checking account to pay those bills.
Did you know that opening a new store account, like a Macy's or Kohl's card, to save 10% could drag down your score? If you have a lot of old credit cards and a couple new credit cards, consider closing the new cards to boost your length of credit history. Fifteen percent of your score is based off the average length of all your open and active accounts. When you introduce new accounts it adds 0-year accounts to the profile, which can also cause a score to drop.
Debt doesn't always lower your score, but it can if your debt financing ratio is too high. There are several ways to effectively pay down business debt, including eliminating excess costs, restructuring debts through a third party, and formulating a payback plan. Additionally, you should always be aware of your current financial situation and adjust your budget for unexpected changes in cash flow. Keeping your debt levels low will improve your business credit score and allow lenders to see that you're in control of what you owe and can pay off expenses before the due date. The lower your debt, the less risky lending to you may seem.
Have someone you know add you as an authorized user of their credit card. You’d have to ask the person to do this, and if they agree, they would add you, receive the credit card in your name linked to their account, and pass it off to you.
Because you can gain a ton of credit history.
Credit history is important because it’s a huge contributor to your credit score. As an authorized user of someone else’s account, their good credit is factored into calculating your credit score. Think of it as an endorsement.
It’s only a good endorsement if the person giving it has good credit, so choose the person wisely. Who should you consider: someone who keeps a low balance and pays their bills on time. Spouses and family members may be the most open to this idea.
Do everything right! Just as you will benefit from the person’s good habits, that person can take a credit hit if you abuse the authorization you’ve been given, so treat it with respect (remember, they're still on the line for all charges). And don’t get yourself authorized on too many accounts. Credit agencies will flag that as you artificially raising your score.
Paying your bills on time is by far the best thing you can do to rebuild less-than-stellar credit.
It shows that you can handle debt and be trusted with someone else’s money.
Credit agencies are notified when you have a bill outstanding for more than 30 days. They call it a delinquency, and it will stay on your credit report for 7 years, depressing your score the whole time.
For example: If you had a 30-day late payment reported in June 2022 and you cleared the account in full by July, it would stay in your report until June 2029.
The bad news is that you won’t be able to get back to perfect until then, even if you do everything right.
Credit card issuers like customers with consistent spending and paying behaviors. This is why you must be careful about risk indicators like skipping payments or paying less on your balance than you typically do. If you’re making large purchases, or spending on services like a divorce attorney, or a real estate selling agent, these could also be indications of upcoming financial trouble. Before deviating from your normal spending patterns, think about how they’ll look on your credit report.
If you’re like any normal small business owner, you’re short on time and you’re probably thinking “What is bookkeeping and why do I need to do it?”
Bookkeeping is a way for you to track and manage your business finances and is one of the many responsibilities that come with being a small business owner. You need to know what’s happening with your business cash flow and finances. It’s a major factor in your success.
Here, we’ll cover some quality bookkeeping tips you can use to simplify your accounting process and make your life easier.
Keeping your personal and business finances separate is important for a number of reasons. As a small business owner, it’s essential for you to know what’s happening with your business finances. It’s one of the basic metrics for determining if your business is successful.
It’s much harder to know where you stand when you constantly have to decipher your transactions and guess whether it was a personal purchase or a business expense.
This also becomes a problem if you’re using business funds for personal expenses or are spending more cash than you have coming in. But you only see that clearly when there’s a separation between your business and personal funds.
It doesn’t just apply to your business bank account. Your business should have its own separate business account and business credit card to handle financial transactions. This avoids commingling business and personal funds.
Keeping things separate helps avoid violating any tax laws that apply to your business taxes. It also keeps you out of hot water by limiting your personal liability in legal situations involving your business. This is by far one of the most important small business bookkeeping tips.Now that you’ve separated your accounts, it’s time to track all of your expenses. Business lunches, printer ink, travel expenses—everything. There are a ton of small business tax deductions you can capitalize on, and every penny counts.
When you make a quick run to the store for business supplies, it’s second nature to ball up your receipt and move on with your day. But if you plan on including that supply run as a tax deduction, then you’ll need to hold on to your receipts.
The IRS actually requires receipts for all business tax deductions. This doesn’t mean you have to keep a shoebox full of faded receipts though.
Just snap a picture, verify the info, and categorize the expense. That makes it simple to see where the money is going and even integrates those expenses into your financial statements. Let’s just say your accountant is going to be thrilled with you.
The process of bookkeeping is difficult enough without having the appropriate records to reconcile the books. By keeping well-organized receipts, invoices, and other expenses, you’re making life easier on yourself.
Your records don’t have to be complicated to be effective. If you’re fond of keeping paper records, keep a secured file cabinet with separate folders for bank statements, payroll, invoices, receivables, receipts, and other important financial information.
You have the option to make your small business paper-free with accounting software that allows you to scan in your documentation or upload images to manage and organize your expenses in a few clicks.
To get the most out of the expense side of your accounting software, you’ll want to look for features that allow the software to “read” the scanned information.
Paired with AI, this helps you reduce the time it takes to enter data from your records and minimize errors. It doesn’t get much simpler than scanning or snapping a photo and reviewing for accuracy.
Without the receipts to record what expenses your business paid throughout the year, you might have trouble claiming certain deductions at tax time. This might also result in extra time and costs associated with your accountant or bookkeeper.
There are already enough tasks that take you away from your business. With automation, you can streamline your small business bookkeeping tasklist and get back to doing what your business needs. The right accounting software is a great first step in this direction.
With Lendio’s online accounting software, you get hours of time back by automating tasks like:
It saves you the manual entry of endless data into a spreadsheet. And there’s no more doing the sales tax and discount calculations by hand. The more bookkeeping tasks you automate, the more time you have for the other aspects of your small business.
If you’re ready to save time and automate your bookkeeping system, check out Lendio’s risk-free plans and pricing.
Do you travel a lot for your business? Keeping track of car mileage and expenses used for business purposes could add up in tax deductions or reimbursements. It’s important to keep impeccable records to take advantage of the deduction for 58.5 cents per mile in 2022.
Each business trip must include the number of miles, the purpose, and the date. If you travel frequently, that can be difficult to manage without the help of technology. There are apps that allow you to track and log your business mileage by linking with your phone’s GPS.
Remember that your business shouldn’t pay for your personal vehicle expenses. That’s still part of keeping your personal finances separate from your business.
Each year, business owners get hit with tax obligations they weren’t prepared for. At a minimum, you should be saving at least 30% of your income in preparation for your annual or quarterly taxes. Not saving money for tax preparation can result in fines and penalties.
Nobody wants that.
The best thing you can do is automate a portion of your income to be deposited into a business savings account. This keeps you from accidentally spending the money you’ve been setting aside while also staying prepared for taxes year-round.
It’s easy to forget the tax deadlines for businesses when you have so much else to do. It might be helpful to set an automatic reminder for when the deadline rolls around each year.
Even if you’re not the one doing the bookkeeping and payroll, it’s important for you to block out time to review the accounting records and financial statements with your professional bookkeeper. It keeps you up to speed with how the business is performing and growing.
And if you’re doing it yourself, it’s especially important to stay on top of your small business accounting. Small business owners often find it challenging to manage cash flow for their company.
Reviewing some of the financial statements, accounting reports, and accounts receivable data helps you uncover where the money is being held up. It’s best to do this weekly or monthly depending on what works for your business.
Bookkeeping for a small business is time-consuming and complex, especially if that’s not your strong suit.
If you don’t have the money to hire an accountant or bookkeeper yet, online accounting software might be the best option for you to get your accounting in order and save time on bookkeeping.
Once you have that down, you can make the business decisions needed to continue making profits, serving your community, and delivering on your brand promise.
Keeping track of invoices is essential to understanding how cash flows into your business. It allows you to analyze trends and establish payment terms that work for you.
Lendio’s software makes it easy for you to create custom invoices that look professional and provides a clear view of what’s paid, unpaid, and past due. So you know which clients are current and which ones need a reminder email.
In many cases, you can also integrate your invoices with bookkeeping software to produce financial records and statements that make managing your bookkeeping process smoother. If you’re still accepting cash transactions, there’s a way to track that with Lendio’s software too.
If you’ve been delivering paper invoices, Lendio’s software gives you the chance to go paper-free and optimize your cash flow with a variety of payment options. So you don’t have to accept cash payments unless you want to.
Hiring a good bookkeeping or accounting service is an investment that saves you time and outsources a painstaking task to someone who specializes in it. Most bookkeeping services are relatively affordable and handle everything from accounting to payroll.
Right around tax time, you’ll be grateful you decided to hire a bookkeeping service. They’ll save you plenty of money and time spent shuffling through receipts.
Overall, having a solid bookkeeping system is important to keeping your business profitable, efficient, and running smoothly. By integrating the small business bookkeeping tips we’ve covered, you don’t have to be stressed out by the tediousness of tracking finances.
Instead, you can use bookkeeping software, mileage tracker apps, and invoicing software like Lendio’s software to help you stay on top of everything. If all else fails, you could always hire an accountant to help you keep it all together.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended as legal or financial advice. Consult your financial and legal professionals for professional advice tailored to your personal circumstances.
Ditch the spreadsheets and ledgers and get cloud bookkeeping software. Tech can do practically all of the tedious bookkeeping for you. Okay, not everything, but a bookkeeping platform can automate your invoicing, expense tracking, income categorization, and financial reports. That adds up to a lot of saved time.
Software doesn’t replace the need for professional accounting guidance, but it does simplify the minutia of running a business. It’ll help you get your finances in order and keep them in order. Plus, by using a cloud-based solution, you’ll always have real-time financial data on your business’s performance—no need to wait until end-of-week or end-of-month reconciliations.
Make sure your bookkeeping tool also has high-quality document management features. The right tool will streamline the process of managing financial documents like invoices, daily expenses, payables, receivables, and receipts. The software should also allow you to easily share your files with your accountant—no copy/paste or screenshots necessary. Less time bookkeeping means more time focusing on growing your business.
This process is where bookkeeping turns from entries to insights. Yes, bookkeeping is a necessary evil for legal purposes, taxes, and audits, but it also informs and drives your business strategy.
With detailed financial records, you’ll be better able to forecast your cash flow. With accurate cash flow forecasts, you’ll always be prepared to make the best financial decisions for your business. These insights will help you avoid dangerous amounts of debt and leverage your existing capital to its utmost potential. Coming full circle—these informed business decisions will improve your financial health and help you qualify for financing.
Remember when we talked about separating your personal and business expenses? Yeah, tax time is when you really reap the rewards of that upfront decision.
Income tax, payroll tax, unemployment tax, excise tax, sales tax, property tax…that’s a lot of taxes. Don’t let the fees creep up on you come tax season.
If you’ve been consistent and organized with your bookkeeping, tax time will be a breeze. If you’re using a solution like Sunrise, you can simply invite your accountant to access your transactions and financial reports —they’ll take care of the rest. Easy peasy.
Financial reports won’t do you much good if you never use them. Make it a habit to frequently analyze your statements. Keyword: analyze. Don’t just glance at them or give them a quick read—dive into the details. These are the same reports lenders will be looking at to decide if you qualify for financing. You should be looking for the same red and green flags they’re trying to discover.
To some degree, you should check your financial records every day. At the end of each day, make sure the money in the bank matches the receipts. By monitoring your transactions daily, you’ll be able to catch errors, fraud, and unexpected fees before it’s too late.
While it’s important to track day-to-day transactions, you also need to review the big picture with month-to-month statements. The profit and loss statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement are your most important financial reports. These telling financial documents will give you quick and deep insights into your business’s health. They’re also the first thing lenders and investors will look at when examining your business’s potential.
Make sure to block off time in advance to take care of your bookkeeping tasks. You’re likely extremely busy, and many things might seem immediately more important than tracking your day-to-day finances. Don’t slip into the procrastination trap—set aside time at the end of each day and month to reconcile your books.
Overall, having a solid bookkeeping system is important to keeping your business profitable, efficient, and running smoothly. By integrating the small business bookkeeping tips we’ve covered, you don’t have to be stressed out by the tediousness of tracking finances.
Instead, you can use bookkeeping software, mileage tracker apps, and invoicing software like Lendio’s software to help you stay on top of everything. If all else fails, you could always hire an accountant to help you keep it all together.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended as legal or financial advice. Consult your financial and legal professionals for professional advice tailored to your personal circumstances.
If you don’t know where you’re going, how will you get there? When you're running a small business, you need a map that keeps you on the right road to reach your goals.
Otherwise, you're just working hard every day and hoping things will turn out for the best. The bad news is that they rarely do.
That's where financial forecasting for small businesses steps in. There's even free accounting software for small business to make the forecasting process easier for you.
Forecasting uses the historical performance data of your business to predict its performance in the future.
Financial forecasts can give you a picture of how your business will perform in the future in best-case, worst-case, and normal scenarios. These forecasts form the foundation for preparing budgets and sales schedules as part of a business plan.
A financial plan is used to construct the three basic financial statements for a business: an income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.
Sales forecast: Create a sales projection on either a monthly or quarterly basis. Also include sales projections of each product or service and the specific cost of goods sold for each one.
You need to know which products give you the highest profit margins so you can focus your sales budgeting and marketing efforts on those items.
Expense budgeting with fixed and variable costs: Expense budgeting includes fixed expenses such as rent and insurance premiums and the variable cost of labor and materials.
These expenses may change as a company increases revenue, expands to new locations, or hires additional employees.
Income statement: Forecasts for income statements can change depending on the sales product mix, costs of production, marketing costs, and different pricing strategies to meet competition.
Preparing different income statements for various conditions can give you an idea of the profitability of your business for multiple strategies.
Balance sheet: Assets and liabilities present the financial health of a small business with different strategies. For example, some strategies may require that the company carry higher inventory and support increased amounts of accounts receivable.
Depending on the company's profit margin, the company may need to obtain short-term financing to support the buildup in current assets. Financial forecasts will show you what your company will look like in these circumstances so you can plan in advance if you need to obtain financing.
Cash flow statement forecasting: How will your decisions affect your cash flow statement and the amount of cash in your bank accounts?
A company that is experiencing rapid increases in revenues with low net profit margins may not generate enough internal cash inflows to have enough working capital to support the resulting increase in assets.
Financial forecasts are critical to planning your cash flow forecast to make sure there’s always enough cash to pay expenses, regardless of the circumstances.
Break-even analysis: The first performance benchmark is to calculate how much sales volume is needed to cover fixed costs.
This is the absolute minimum that must be met, otherwise, the company would be operating at a loss. Financial forecasting will show you how your break-even revenue levels will change under various strategies.
Are you satisfied with your sales levels? Do you need to revise your marketing strategy or increase the intensity of your sales efforts?
Are you happy with your gross profit margins? Do you need to analyze each product’s cost of production to find ways to improve efficiency or lower costs?
It’s important to go through each one of your company's financial ratios (liquidity, asset efficiency, profit margins, and debt leverage) and identify those that need improvement.
If you see, for example, that your current ratio is consistently less than two to one, you could use the forecast to predict the results of improving receivables collection efforts or lowering inventory levels.
For example, if sales have been increasing at a 10% rate for the past several years, you could reasonably assume that sales will go up another 10% next year. If total expenses have been rising at a 9% rate, you could safely project the same increase for the coming year.
By just making straight-line projections on historical data, you can create a baseline financial projection you can use to test the results of various strategies.
As an illustration, suppose you want to expand your product line. You could start by modifying the baseline projection to see the effects of increased new product sales and the related costs of production on profits.
For quantitative projections, you could use something as simple as taking historical data and making straight-line forecasts into the future.
Consider different scenarios. What happens if the economy turns down or if a new competitor appears? How will these events affect your future sales, profits, and cash flow? What actions will you need to take?
Considering different scenarios will help you prepare your business to deal with these challenges. It’s much better if you’re prepared beforehand rather than being caught off-guard and having to scramble.
You can use financial forecasting to:
Suppose you want to pay down your debts. A forecast can show how much cash will be generated, where it will come from, and how quickly you can liquidate your loans.
If the debt repayment plan is too slow, you can adjust the forecast and make the changes needed in your operations to increase the cash flow. You may need to change your product mix or find ways to cut expenses to meet the debt repayment schedule you want.
As your company grows, you may need to add additional employees. You may find that you'll need more salespeople, warehouse personnel, or more administrative support. A forecast will identify when you’ll need the new employees and how much cost they’ll add to your payroll.
If growth requires additional capital equipment, the forecast will identify how much equipment is needed and when it will have to be in place. At the same time, you can begin to solicit price quotes and develop a plan to pay for the purchases.
You may find that your company isn't generating enough internal cash flow to support the rapid increase in assets that come with high growth rates.
If your business is already leveraged with debt, you might not be able to get additional financing to support the growth. In that case, you'll need to scale back your dreams to a more realistic goal.
Lenders want to feel comfortable that you'll be able to repay a long-term loan or manage a business line of credit. You can establish credibility as a small business owner by presenting a well-thought-out cash flow projection that shows them how you’ll be able to repay a loan.
In addition, you could present different forecasts that show how you'll still be able to repay the loan even if things don’t go as planned.
Lenders want to believe that you're in charge of your business and know how to handle different types of business financing.
Investors want to know that they're going to get a good return on their money to justify taking the risk of making an equity investment in your company. A realistic forecast will show that the company is capable of generating a good return on equity and that the return is likely.
You can even try out different “what-if” scenarios. Financial planning won’t be time-consuming or tedious with these tools.
These software apps will typically come with a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) -- such as monthly sales, gross profit margins, EBITDA, liquidity ratios, and inventory turnover -- that monitor the performance of your business.
KPIs are like looking at the instruments on the dashboard of your car except, in this case, the indicators are measuring business performance.
Monitor the actual results and look for deviations from the plan to make corrections. This is like driving your car down the road and it drifts off the pavement. You then make a correction to get back on the road. It’s the same idea with your business.
Some KPIs you can monitor weekly, and others you look at on a monthly basis.
Resources
Women own 42% of all U.S. businesses, have 9.4 million employees, and $1.9 trillion in revenue, according to findings by the National Women’s Business Council (NWB). But even though they’re now slightly more likely than men to start businesses, women continue to face unique challenges in access to financing. According to the Federal Reserve Banks Small Business Credit Survey, women-owned businesses apply for financing at similar rates to businesses owned by men but are less likely to receive the full amount they sought (43% vs. 48% of men).
The good news is that business loans for women aren’t out of reach. There are several loans women can use to run and grow their businesses, whether they need a source of short-term working capital or funding for a large-scale investment.
Microloans are what they sound like: small loans.
These loans are typically much smaller compared to the other loan options discussed so far. They can be a good fit for owners who:
A microloan is worth considering for home-based business owners with smaller operating costs or mobile business owners, like food truck operators or DJs.
Both for-profit and nonprofit organizations offer microloans to women, as well as minorities, and other business owners.
The SBA’s microloan program offers up to $50,000 in funding for qualifying businesses. According to the SBA, the average microloan is $13,000. The maximum loan repayment term is six years, and interest rates range from 8% to 13%.
You could use it to:
The only thing you can’t use a SBA microloan for is refinancing existing debt or purchasing real estate.
Obtaining an SBA microloan follows a specific process. Here's a summary of the steps involved:
Accion is a nonprofit that offers up to $50,000 in microloan funding to brand-new and established women-owned businesses. The amount you can borrow depends on which state your business is located in.
Kiva is a nonprofit that offers crowdfunded microloans of up to $10,000 with no interest. Repayment terms stretch up to 36 months. The program operates on a peer-to-peer lending model, whereby individuals invest as little as $25 in a borrower's business. Kiva U.S. enables entrepreneurs to leverage their community for the first 25% of the loan during a private fundraising period. After reaching this threshold, their campaign is opened to Kiva's wide network of lenders worldwide. These loans—which have a repayment term of up to 36 months—can be used for a variety of business-related expenses, such as buying inventory, hiring staff, or purchasing equipment.
Grameen America is a nonprofit microfinance organization that provides small loans to women who live below the poverty line in the U.S. They offer microloans ranging from $2,000 to $15,000. Established by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus, the organization follows a peer group model. This means that when a woman receives a loan, she must form a group with four other women who will also receive loans. The group meets weekly for financial training and to make loan repayments.
LiftFund is a nonprofit organization that provides extensive small business support in the form of microloans, larger loans, and business education. Their microloan program offers up to $50,000 for startups and up to $1 million for established businesses. The interest rates are competitive, and LiftFund prides itself on providing loans to those who have limited access to capital from traditional sources.
As with any other loan, take your time to review your financial position, the interest rate, repayment terms, and the minimum requirements to qualify.
To qualify for a microloan, business owners typically need to meet certain criteria. These might vary depending on the lending organization, but here are some common requirements:
Applying for a microloan involves a series of steps that are generally similar across different lenders, with some minor variations.
Remember, every lender may have slightly different procedures. It's always best to check with your chosen lender for specific instructions on their microloan application process.
I recently spoke with Jacqueline Vong, founder and president of Playology International, about managing cash flow. Over the course of the interview, she tossed out the term “slush fund” in a positive way rather than with its more nefarious connotation, which was interesting because I thought I was the only person who did that.
The term “slush fund” comes from the era of the actual pirates of the actual Caribbean. The cooks working in ship gallows would skim off the meat grease (known as the slush) because it was in high demand by candle makers and other merchants. The cooks would sell the slush in port, use their proceeds (the slush fund) to live very well away from the boat, and party their way into history as an inspiration to side hustlers everywhere.
Today, however, slush fund is usually linked to a politician or someone in power ciphering funds to keep in their back pocket for quietly taking care of unexpected inconveniences. While I’d never condone such behavior, the strategy makes good sense. Every business needs some just-in-case money.
Here’s what we mean about a slush fund for your business: Emergency Cash, Rainy Day Money and D’oh Dough, which may be my favorite alternative.
A slush fund isn’t “savings,” because it’s not for anything specific like retirement or planned expansion. And it’s not “petty cash” because it’s not for incidentals like catering an unexpected client lunch in your boardroom. And while you should be actively building your corporate savings and making sure to have petty cash on hand, a slush fund is its own thing and it should be respected because life’s curveballs come in fast, especially for entrepreneurs.
Sometimes, you need the money because the fruits of your labor are paying off, and you need a little bump to put yourself over the finish line. For example:
You-know-what happens, and sometimes your only option is to suck it up and deal with it. In those moments, having what you need to handle it on your own (i.e., without insurance money, which will raise your premiums), could be your best option. For example:
My thinking was (and is) that a slush fund becomes more important as a business gets bigger, has more experiences, and is exposed to more opportunity and risk. That’s why I felt okay building my slush fund slowly and methodically over time. From the beginning, I ciphered 1.5% of my monthly revenue into my slush fund. I set up my business bank account to do it automatically and I track it in my bookkeeping software. I never noticed it missing day to day, but I really noticed when I had the money to take advantage of a down commercial real estate market and significantly upgrade my office.
If you’re a new business putting aside 1.5% a month (which amounts to $1.50 for every $100 you bring in), you won’t see much of a bump quarter over quarter—and that’s okay because you probably won’t need the money anyway so keep building it.
Whether you’re new or established, there will absolutely be times when you don’t think you can afford to part with 0.0015% of your revenue, much less 1.5 percent. I’d strongly encourage you to stick with it, if for no other reason than to maintain strong habits.
BTW, there will also be times when dipping into your slush fund isn’t practical or when your slush fund balance won’t quite cut it. That’s when a business line of creditcomes in handy.
Should you start building a slush fund now? Yes. But if you think it’s silly or a waste, know this: I thought the same thing when I opened my business. Then I started putting away the 1.5% on the strong advice of my accountant. After a while, I didn’t really notice that I was stashing some money aside—until it was there when I needed it.
If you start now, it’ll be there for you too.
ROI stands for “return on investment,” and it’s a measurement of how much you earn on the money you spend or borrow. For example, if you buy a machine for $10,000 in January, but having the machine makes you $20,000 by the end of the year, the return on your investment is 200% because you made 100% of your investment back, and then doubled it.
An ROI measurement can be applied to just about anything, from a machine to an employee to a location — or even to money you might borrow for your small business.
Financing is money you borrow to move your company forward. You could use financing to hire people, purchase assets, move into new markets, upgrade your technology, or anything else. Regardless of how or where you apply financing, your goal is to eventually have that money produce a positive ROI (is it worth taking otherwise?).
So how do you determine the potential ROI of financing? Here are a few simple steps to get started.
Obviously, there’s the money you’re borrowing. But on top of that will be interest you’ll have to pay as well as any fees. These should be taken into account when you calculate how to break even.
For example, a $10,000 loan paid over 12 months at a 20% interest rate will take $11,290 in total revenue to break even. The extra $1,090 – that’s your interest.
BTW, if you don’t have the full loan cost on hand, you can use a financing calculator to figure it out.
How much you’ll need to make is the easy part. The trickier component is projecting how much that single loan or other financing, which could be anything from a line of credit to a merchant cash advance, will produce.
At this point, it’s time to do a bit of educated guessing. And it’s particularly challenging if the financing is being used for multiple reasons because some might yield positive ROI while others might not. But for the sake of simplicity below, let’s say financing is being used for a single specific purchase. Here are a few examples:
Once you understand how your production will increase with the new investment, you can track your ROI. Increasing production means increasing sales.
With these calculations, you can track how much your business stands to profit from spending that extra money.
The good thing about the ROI formula is that it never changes. Once you know it, you can apply it to any money you spend, whether it’s financing or retained earnings. This is the formula:
ROI % = Profit / Investment x 100
So, if $10,000 in financing that costs $11,290 with interest will generate an extra $15,000 in sales over the course of the year, the profit would be $3,710 ($15K – $11,290), and the ROI would be $3,710 divided by $11,290 x 100, which comes to 33%.
BTW, if you need a refresher on gross profit and net profit, read this.
So how much ROI do you need to justify financing? Honestly, that will depend on what you’re using the financing for because certain purchases will have different benchmarks.
So, if we go back to our examples from above, the widget maker should expect a double-digit ROI because the machine is a single cost (minus yearly maintenance) and should keep producing ROI well after it’s paid off.
On the flipside, the lawyer who hires a CFO will probably want to pay top dollar for that CFO and, even with that CFO installed and working, they can’t guarantee that they’ll close a $12K client every month. For that entrepreneur, anything above 0% ROI would be a win.
Whatever your expectations are, this formula is an excellent guide for determining whether or not financing would be generally profitable for your business and so worth your time and investment.
If a certain loan or financing alternative isn’t a good option for your business, consider looking for other financing options that can help you to save. For example, you may find a different short term financing option with more favorable terms. You can also look into credit cards and equipment financing and other alternatives, depending on your needs.
Lendio’s single application can match you with financing options that fit your business and financing plans and goals — plus you can access more than 75 lenders with a single application that takes about 15 minutes to complete. Visit our online lending hub to learn more.